2017-2018高一英语下学期期末模拟试卷（二）人教版附解析

2017-2018学年高一下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题
 期末模拟冲刺（二）
第一部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Modern theme parks
The history of modern theme parks started with the pleasure gardens of Europe, which were built around important cities in the 1550s. The main attractions were flowers, fountains, dancing, fireworks, games, stage shows and some simple amusement rides. These pleasure gardens were early amusement parks, from which theme parks developed.
In the late 1880s，with the decline(衰退) of pleasure gardens in Europe, amusement parks spread to North America, mostly to solve the money problem of railway companies. People used railway services a lot during the week to go to work, but much less on weekends and other holidays. Therefore, amusement parks were built at the end of railway lines so that people would use the railways every day.
In 1894, Paul Boyton, an Irish American, built the world’s first modern amusement park called Paul Boyton’s Water Chutes in Chicago, USA. Since then, amusement parks have grown in number and size.
Today, there are still many amusement parks around the world. For example, Bakken Amusement Park in Denmark, which was opened in the 1580s, is the oldest amusement park in the world.
Modern theme parks grew out of amusement parks. Different from amusement parks, theme parks place more importance on showing themes or ideas in some related(相关的) areas. These theme areas recreated a special time and place for visitors to enjoy themselves. Common themes are culture, fantasy, history and religion.
The most important theme park began with a mouse and a man, Walter Elias Disney, better known as Walt Disney.
1. This passage mainly tells us about ___________.
A. how the first modern amusement park was built
B. the history of modern theme parks
C. what a modern theme park is
D. why people built amusement parks
2. The reason why amusement parks were built near railway lines in the late 1880s is that ___________.
A. the number of pleasure gardens in Europe became fewer and fewer
B. people wanted to enjoy their spare time on weekends
C. people used railway services a lot during the week to go to work
D. the railway companies wanted to bring in more money
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Theme parks developed from amusement parks.
B. Bakken Amusement Park is the world’s oldest amusement park.
C. Early amusement parks started in Europe.
D. Walt Disney is the first man in the world to build theme parks.
4. Suppose it is in the year of 1551, if a European wanted to enjoy himself, he could go to ___________.
A. a pleasure garden
B. a theme park
C. Paul Boyton’s Water Chutes
D. Bakken Amusement Park
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了现代主题公园的历史。
 
3. D　【解析】细节理解题。文章最后一段只提到最重要的主题公园是由Walt Disney建的。
4. A　【解析】推理判断题。由第一段第一句得知16世纪50年代在一些重要城市建立游乐园，故A项符合题意。
B
 There are so many expressions in American English that sound pleasant but are not.
"Face the music" is a good example. When someone says they have to "face the music", it does not mean they are going to a musical performance or concert. To "face the music" means to accept the unpleasant results of an action.
Imagine a friend asks you to take care of her beautiful red sports car. She gives you the keys and says, "Thanks so much for watching my car while I’m away. But please do not drive it. It is an extremely fast car and you are not on the insurance."
But you do not listen. You want to show off to some friends and pretend the car is yours. So, you drive it around town one night. As bad luck would have it, you lose control of the car and drive it into a stop sign. The damage is severe. When your friend returns you must tell her what you have done and "face the music".
The "music" here is the consequence or result of your actions. It could be losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her sports car or both. Whatever the music is, you must face it.
There are other American expressions that mean the same as "face the music".
To "take your medicine" means to accept the results from something bad you have done. And if someone says, "You made your bed. Now lie in it." He means you created a bad situation and now you will experience the results, or as we say in American spoken English, you must deal with it!
"Pay the piper" also means the same as "face the music". But, that expression has its own very interesting beginning. We will talk about that on another Words and Their Stories.
5. Which of the following expressions doesn’t have the same meaning with the others?
A. Face the music.            B. Take your medicine.
C. Make your bed.               D. Pay the piper.
6. What may be talked about in the next programme?
A. Other words and their stories.
B. The beginning of "pay the piper".
C. The wider use of "face the music".
D. An example of "take your medicine".
7. What does "face the music" mean?
A. Going to a musical performance.
B. Accepting the unpleasant results of an action.
C. Dealing with the situation you have caused.
D. Apologizing to the person you have hurt.
8. Which action belongs to a "take your medicine"?
A. You broke the traffic rules and caused an accident.
B. You worked hard but failed in the exam.
C. You moved to a new city and lost touch with your old friends.
D. You caught a cold and took some medicine.
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文介绍了美国的一些习语，它们都听起来很好，但实际却指不好的结果。
 
7. B  【解析】细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知，B选项切题。
8. A  【解析】推理判断题。由倒数第二段第一句可知，＂take your medicine＂指的是要接受你的不好的行为产生的后果，故A选项切题。
C
Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and sustain(保持) a healthy lifestyle. Group exercise is challenging, yet fun and empowering! Of course everyone knows that exercise is good for the body. However, studies have shown that when exercise is performed in groups, it’s not only great for improving physical health but for psychological health. It’s an opportunity to be social, release endorphins(内啡肽), and improve your strength. Additionally, group exercise creates a community feel and the shared common goal motivates participants to work hard. The instrumental support of taking on a fitness journey with others proves more effective than going to the gym alone.
Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor. Many people fear the gym because they feel lost and don’t want to embarrass themselves. If you feel you can relate, then group training is an even better option for you. It’s a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the clear instruction and supervision(监管) of a fitness instructor. If you’re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored, you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that’ll keep your workout on track. Don’t let fitness frighten you!
If you’re serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle, it’s extremely important to surround yourself with people who’ll provide you with the proper emotional support. I wouldn’t scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and in turn I wouldn’t expect anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health. Surround yourself with people who uplift, encourage and understand you! Make fitness even more fun by trying something new or any group fitness class, with a friend. Plan to go for a jog together. Then try a fun healthy restaurant or fresh juice bar! Fitness can be both fun and social!
Surrounding yourself with people who’ll provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals. First, decide to do it for yourself and work towards staying positive. Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive. Don’t let negativity ruin your motivation.
9. The first paragraph focuses on __________.
A. the greatest challenge of group exercise
B. the most effective way to improve physical fitness
C. the contribution of group exercise to psychological health
D. the shared common goal in performing exercise in groups
10. The underlined word ＂upbeat＂ in the second paragraph probably means ＂__________＂.
A. cheerful     B. average    C. serious    D. temporary
11. When it comes to emotional support, the author thinks it necessary __________.
A. to sustain a colorful lifestyle
B. to party on weekends with positive people
C. to try a fun healthy restaurant regularly
D. to surround yourself with supportive people
12. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Seeking Support     B. Supporting Health
C. Improving Your Strength     D. Building Up Fitness
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了参加群体锻炼的多种益处。群体锻炼不仅对身体健康有益，而且对心理健康也有好处。
 
10. A  【解析】词义猜测题。根据＂If you’re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored, you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that will keep your workout on track.＂可以判断upbeat应该与bored的意思相反。
11. D  【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，如果你想得到相应的情绪支持，你就该让自己环绕在有积极思维的人身边。
12. B  【解析】主旨大意题。本文对群体健身的益处进行了阐述和论证，因此，群体健身也是保持健康的一种方式。对应B项。
D
As we know, many teen celebrities(名人) feel and think that having a slimmer figure can do great good to them. But, does size really matter? Are teenage fans trying hard to become like their celebrity idols(偶像)? Do celebrities really have the power to influence people, especially teenagers?
For the longest time, many parents blame teen idols for influencing the way their kids act. Have you noticed how teens idolize the celebrities these days? Even, their personal affairs are being followed by kids these days. Take for example the case of Lindsay Lohan of Mary Kate Ashley. They are definitely famous teen stars. But, since they are trying to project an image to satisfy a lot of people in show business, their health and body suffer. Many kids are aware of this problem. But they are easily influenced by these celebrities to exercise and eat less.
It is a fact that the media, and especially famous teen celebrities, can influence people powerfully. But teenagers are easily influenced because teenage years are the period when our personality and identity developments take place. Teens watching TV shows and reading magazines are easily pulled into the dieting and harmful eating habits because the media have some ways to pull these acts. They use thin models and celebrities to endorse(做广告宣传) products or to star in an up-and-coming shows or movies. With fierce competition, celebrities are forced to eat less and do extreme exercise routines to get the roles or offers that come their way.
Living in today’s time and generation is a bit disturbing to a lot of parents. Media, especially as well as the celebrities, have a very powerful influence to drive teenagers to good or bad. It’s good that we can control ourselves to avoid bad things from happening. If not, parents should really be aware and guide their teens to determine what’s in ad what’s out.
13. From the passage we can find Lindsay Lohan ___________.
A. lives an unhealthy lifestyle
B. lives a rich and happy life
C. doesn’t get any exercise
D. sets a good example for teenagers
14. Many celebrities have to be on diet ___________.
A. to keep healthy to face competition
B. to survive under pressure
C. to keep a slim size
D. to satisfy their teenage fans
15. What’s the title of the passage?
A. Parents’ responsibilities.
B. Advice on self-control.
C. Bad influences of celebrities.
D. Media’s bad influences.
【答案】
【语篇解读】很多人认为偶像影响了人们。事实到底是怎样的呢？我们一起来看看吧。
 
15. C 【解析】标题选择题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了名人对青少年的一些不好的影响，故C项作为文章标题最合适。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
No one can deny the importance of honesty. Parents must try their best to teach their children to be honest from the early age.     16     But this simple guide contains all the best possible methods to teach your children to be honest.
Talk to your children about honesty.
Sit with your children and let them know about the importance of honesty.     17     So try to highlight its importance with the help of some stories about honesty. You can talk about the real life happenings as well. Additionally, deliver them a friendly lecture regarding the importance of honesty in one’s life.
    18   
Most of the children learn enough from movies and consider the actors as their role model. Ask your children to join you while watching movies and try playing the one related to honesty. For example, the famous comedy film ＂Liar Liar＂ highlights the disadvantages of lying and the advantages of honesty.
Introduce honesty as a home rule.
You might be having some home rules for your children, add honesty to them. Let your children know that you are their best friend and always available to share their happiness and problems.     19   
Reward the honesty of your children.
Parents are often ready to scold, but they are not always so quick to appreciate. Do not act like typical parents. ____20____ If your child is admitting his fault or doing something wrong, it means he is on his way to developing honesty as a habit.
A. It is movie time!
B. No doubt it is a big challenge.
C. Follow an actor as a role model.
D. So, they do not need to lie at any cost.
E. Forgive your children for their mistakes.
F. A dry lecture on honesty can be a boring activity.
G. Instead, reward the honesty of your child with praise, hugs and love.
【答案】
【语篇导读】作为家长，我们该如何教导自己的孩子要诚实呢？文章给我们提了几条建议。
 
18. A 【解析】考查句意理解以及总结概括能力。该段的主要内容是建议家长和孩子一起看和＂诚实＂有关的电影，利用孩子对电影中偶像的崇拜心理来引导孩子了解诚实的重要性。故A选项适合作该段标题。
19. D 【解析】考查句意理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到＂让你的孩子知道你是他们最好的朋友，你愿意分享他们的快乐和问题＂，此处承接该句，D选项(因此，孩子们没有必要撒谎)切题。
20. G 【解析】考查句意理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到＂不要采用一般父母的做法＂，那么该空应提到应该怎么做，再结合该段标题可知G选项正确。
第二部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节  完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Avoiding other people in social situations is a technique that is frequently used by those who suffer from extreme shyness. They 　21　turn down social invitations where they might have to 　22　to other people. They turn down invitations to 　23　, turn down promotions at work, and they might cross the street just to __24__ talking to someone they know, 　25　they like that person.
This sort of 　26　probably makes no sense to the person who is not extremely shy. 　27　, to persons who feel anxious when they are around others, avoiding others may seem to be the 　28　solution they can think of. As soon as they rush away from a social 　29　they feel an intense inner sense of 　30　. No longer do they need to worry as much.
Although avoiding others is a very common 　31　used by many shy people, this social avoidance will actually make their problem 　32　. Not only is their fear of being around other people likely to 　33　if they keep avoiding others, but people who are shy will feel even more lonely and less 　34　the longer they avoid social interactions (交流).
Doctors who specialize in treating 　35　often recommend the exact 　36　approach.  Instead of __37__　the shy person to continue to run away from social situations, they will encourage the shy person to 　38　take part in the type of social situations they fear most.
So, 　39　you are an extremely shy person who has been avoiding social situations as a way to cope with your shyness, keep in 　40　that this avoidance will not make your shyness get better.
21. A. still     B. seldom    C. often     D. almost
22. A. talk     B. come     C. tend     D. turn
23. A. meetings    B. parties     C. lectures    D. weddings
24. A. stop     B. appreciate    C. keep     D. avoid
25. A. even though    B. as if     C. in case     D. if only
26. A. purpose     B. method    C. behaviour    D. result
27. A. Therefore    B. However    C. Besides    D. Thus
28. A. practical    B. last     C. top     D. perfect
29. A. situation    B. condition    C. custom    D. practice
30. A. duty     B. humour    C. comfort    D. joy
31. A. tool     B. technique    C. lesson     D. benefit
32. A. deeper     B. simpler    C. clearer     D. worse
33. A. grow     B. appear     C. stop     D. spread
34. A. safe     B. active     C. confident    D. realistic
35. A. carelessness    B. anxiety    C. loneliness    D. shyness
36. A. other     B. opposite    C. different    D. similar
37. A. allowing    B. forcing    C. suggesting    D. asking
38. A. frequently    B. finally     C. gradually    D. willingly
39. A. unless     B. once     C. though     D. if
40. A. habit     B. mind     C. memory    D. heart
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的了关于羞涩的人的社交。
 
24. D  羞涩的人不愿跟人交谈，因此他们总是避免跟人交谈。此处意为＂他们可能穿过街道仅仅是为了避免与他们认识的人交谈＂。stop＂停止＂，appreciate＂感激；欣赏＂，keep＂保持＂，均不合题意。
25. A  根据文章内容可知，即使他们喜欢这个人，羞涩的人也不愿跟他们认识的这个人交谈。A项符合题意。as if ＂好像＂，in case＂以免，以防万一＂，if only＂要是……该多好＂，均不符合语境。
26. C  从上文叙述的羞涩的人不愿跟人打交道可知，此处指这种行为，而不是＂目的＂、＂方法＂或＂结果＂。
27. B  句子前后构成转折关系。这种行为对不是很羞涩的人来说没有多大意义，但对于特别羞涩的人来说，意义就不同了。
28. D  对于羞涩的人来说，避免跟人打交道是他们能想到的最佳的解决办法。
29. A  文章第一句有提示，羞涩的人尽量避免参加社交场合。
30. C  羞涩的人逃避了社交场合，他们内心会感到极大的宽慰。humour表示＂幽默感＂，不合语境。
31. B  文章强调的是羞涩的人逃避社交场合的做法或方法。technique＂技巧＂，最接近语境。文章第一句也有提示。tool＂工具＂，lesson＂教训＂，benefit＂益处＂，均不符合语境。
32. D  逃避只会使羞涩感加剧，使问题更加严重。make... worse＂使……更加严重＂，其他均不合语境。
 
36. B  从下文医生鼓励羞涩的人积极参加社交场合可知，他们建议用相反的方法来＂以毒攻毒＂，消除人们的羞涩感。
37. A  根据语境判断，此处是医生的做法，他们不允许羞涩的人继续逃避社交场合，A项符合题意。
38. C  根据语境和常识判断，医生鼓励羞涩的人逐渐参加他们最恐惧的社交场合。
39. D  此处是条件状语从句，因此用if。unless引导条件状语从句，表示相反的意义。
40. B  此处是固定的表达方式，表示＂牢记……＂用keep ... in mind，其他选项不符合搭配。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Edison is one of the greatest scientists in the world. He showed us the true meaning of the saying ＂No pains, no gains.＂ However, not all the people understand why he is famous.
One day when Edison was   41   his way home, a young man stopped him and   42  (require) to have a word with him. Edison accepted his request. The young man asked, ＂How, Mr. Edison, can you invent so many __43__(thing) and achieve your fame?＂
The scientist said, ＂It seems   44   you have been thinking of becoming famous every day.＂
The young man nodded, ＂Yes. I have been dreaming of   45  (become) a person as famous as you. Every minute I am thinking of how to become famous. I don’t know when I can achieve   46  (I) reputation.＂Edison told him, ＂Forget it, young man.   47   you want to be a famous man this way, you will have to wait until you die!＂
＂Why should I?＂ the young man was   48  (puzzle). Edison said, ＂What you dream is actually a high building. You never think of how to build it with bricks. Thus the building will never come   49  reality. However, your story can serve as   50   mirror. People will remember you because of your idleness and laziness. They will often speak of your name when they give warnings to their children. Aren’t you a ‘famous’ person by then?＂
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文通过爱迪生和一个年轻人的对话告诉我们这样一个道理：如果我们总羡慕别人的成功，而自己不去付出，那我们永远都不会有别人的成就。
41. on　考查固定搭配。on one’s way home＂在某人回家的路上＂。
42. required　考查动词的时态。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，这里and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以空处的时态应与stopped的时态保持一致。故用一般过去时。
 
47. If　考查条件状语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处应用If引导条件状语从句，表示＂如果……＂。
48. puzzled　考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少表语，又因为主语为＂the young man＂，因此用puzzled，表示＂困惑的＂。
49. into　考查固定搭配。come into reality意为＂变成现实＂。
50. a　考查冠词。此处表泛指，a mirror＂一面镜子＂。
第三部分  写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节  短文改错（共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I’m so exciting that our drama club won the first prize in this competition. Participating in this club help us to learn more about drama, but develop our self-confidence and cultural qualities as well. Besides, thanks for the club, I have known many friends who share the same interest with myself. There we communicate and learn from each other. Before the competition we keep on practicing for long time. Luckily, our efforts were paid off, what is beyond our expectation.     Finally, I’d like to express my thanks to all of our teachers who directed us, friends who helped us, and partners who worked hardly. Without you, we couldn’t have made such a great achievement.
【答案】
I’m so   that our drama club won the first prize in this competition. Participating in this club   us to learn more about drama,   develop our self-confidence and cultural qualities as well. Besides, thanks   the club, I have known many friends who share the same interest with  . There we communicate and learn from each other. Before the competition we   on practicing for   long time. Luckily, our efforts were paid off,   is beyond our expectation.     Finally, I’d like to express my thanks to all of our teachers who directed us, friends who helped us, and partners who worked  . Without you, we couldn’t have made such a great achievement.
第一处：exciting→excited  考查形容词。exciting意为＂令人兴奋的＂，形容事物的性质、特点。excited意为＂兴奋的＂，形容人的感受。该处指＂我＂很兴奋，表达的是＂我＂的情感感受，故要将exciting改为excited。
 
第四处：for→to  考查介词。thanks for意为＂为……而感谢某人＂。thanks to 意为＂多亏，由于＂，该处指由于参加俱乐部，我认识了很多朋友。故要将for改为to。
第五处：myself→me  考查代词。who share the same interest with me是定语从句，修饰many friends。该定语从句的意思应是＂这些朋友和我有共同的兴趣＂，故要将myself改为me。
第六处：keep→kept  考查时态。该句的时间状语为＂Before the competition＂，由文章第一句可知，competition已经举行了，故该句表达的是过去的事情，因此谓语动词要用过去式。故要将keep改为kept。
第七处：long前加a  考查冠词。a long time意为＂很长一段时间＂，time前面有形容词修饰时，经常和不定冠词a连用。故要在long前加a。
第八处：删除were  考查语态。pay off意为＂取得成功＂，是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态，故were多余，应去掉。
第九处：what→which  考查定语从句。＂which is beyond our expectation＂是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，引导词在从句中作主语，表示＂这/那＂，故用关系代词which引导该从句。
第十处：hardly→hard  考查副词。hardly意为＂几乎不＂，hard意为＂刻苦地，努力地＂，该处指努力工作，故要将hardly改为hard。
第二节  书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
 1. 该人物是谁；
 2. 该人物的主要贡献；
 3. 该人物对你的影响。
注意：
1. 词数不少于50；
      2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
It’s great to hear from you. I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history.
As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. He, in his book, Haiguo Tuzhi (Maps and Records of the World), introduced modern technologies and ideas to China. That opened our eyes to the world. In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
Interested in knowing more? I can find you some books! Just let me know.
Cheers!
Yours,
Li Hua